Automakers are motivated to create lightweight vehicles due to increasing challenges of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving fuel economy. This paper discusses vehicle lightweighting as a means of promoting better fuel economy and assisting the automotive industry in achieving sustainability. Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS), aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium, polymers, and composite materials for lightweight construction applications are reviewed. Categorization, manufacturing methods, physical/mechanical characteristics, and possible uses of lightweight materials are investigated.